Pet Stain and Odor Removal
Pet Stain and Odor Removal
Pet Stain and Odor Removal
As a proud pet owner, you understand the important role they have within your family. Pets are a joy to have in the home – but they can also create serious problems for your carpet and home interior. If you want to keep your pets happy but do not want to face the lingering issue of pet odor, contact us today at Kairos Upholstery. Our technicians have the tools and training to effectively remove pet odors and restore your home to a clean, healthy, and fresh environment.
If your pets spend any amount of time outdoors, they will inevitably track dirt and contaminants into your home. Whether they walk dirt across the carpet on their paws or roll around on the floor and spread allergens and pollutants from their fur, there is no guaranteed way to keep them from spreading outside grime into your house.
Even worse, new pets or ones that have not yet been house trained can damage your carpets, area rugs, and underlying padding with their urine. Pet urine contains alkaline salts which attract moisture in the air, meaning your carpets will remain damp and musty for much longer. Over time, these elements will deteriorate and destroy your carpets.
Fortunately, our team at Kairos Upholstery have the ability to extract even the toughest stains from your home, removing the lingering odors and freshening your home.
Urine Treatment
If Pet urine is not cleaned up correctly cleaning will make the smell much worse. Pet urine can cause permanent damage to your floors and fabrics. It can also create an unhealthy indoor environment in which the bacteria can make a horrible smell. These are difficult to remove. The removal also requires a specially trained technicians.
When urine is first deposited onto a floor or fabric, it has a pH of about 5 or 6, which is on the acid side of the pH Scale. It is easiest to remove right then when it is fresh. This is the reason we suggest calling Kairos Upholstery as a matter of urgency once this has happened.
If the urine dries, it turns into an “alkaline” with a high pH between 10 to 12 on the scale and becomes much harder to remove. The warm acid state of the urine offers a perfect breeding ground for bacteria (often the cause of an odour), which begin to flourish almost immediately. In this original acid state, the urine starts to oxidise and react with the carpet to create a colour change, which will become permanent if the urine is not removed immediately.
Some of this colour change can be attributed to the strong ammonia that forms as the urine passes through bacterial and chemical change. If left for days or weeks, depending on the fabric or floor type, it will change the dye structure, therefore causing permanent staining. Even if the soluble deposits are removed, the damage to the dye structure may already be done and irreversible.
There are two sources of odours associated with urine. The first comes from bacteria that grow abundantly in dark, warm places with a never-ending food source. A pet can feed the bacteria daily! This bacteria growth and breakdown of the urine creates amino acids. These complex organic compounds will often work deep into the fibres to the point of becoming part of the fibre. This can present a challenging situation. The waste materials and gases from the decomposing urine create an unpleasant odour. When dried urine is remoistened, it gives off an ammonia gas, and it is a horrible Smell!
The second source of the odour is a smell that is present even when the bacteria have been eliminated. The salts and crystals that are left behind as the urine dries are hydrophilic and draw water to them. This also presents additional odour problems when the relative humidity is high. Therefore, you need a professional company that knows how to handle and neutralise the odours caused by the urine. Dried urine is often easy to smell in the humid months because the salts attract the moisture, the moisture evaporates putting out a greater proportion of odorous ammonia gas. You must get rid of the urine salts in and under the carpet to get rid of the odour. That’s why cleaning existing urine spots will not remove any associated odour. It could increase the odour in the air space for a temporary period.
Be assured of a cleaning company that pays keen attention to detail when you give Kairos Upholstery a ring. We take great pride in the cleaning services that we do, we want to be sure that all homes and offices that we enter are cleaned thoroughly so the family could have a healthier lifestyle.
Pet Stain Carpet Cleaning Services
When we have pets on our carpets and furniture there can be various problems associated with cleaning. The following information will help you understand these problems and also explain the various treatments available.
Our technicians have and use the best chemicals and procedures available to them. In rare cases, the problem may be beyond cleaning and carpets and furniture may need to be replaced.
Please read the various options available below.
Which Method To Choose:
Scenario number 1:
You have your carpets and furnishings cleaned and the pet odour becomes more evident after cleaning. This can happen because you were not aware of urine soiled areas. The urine soiled areas are “hidden” or not noticeable in your carpet and cleaning the carpet has activated the urine salt deposits and the odour can be worse than when cleaning commenced. This scenario does not happen all the time but it can occur. It can also occur days after the cleaning has been completed. If odour is present after cleaning this can normally be rectified by applying a deodorizing product to the carpet / furniture as long as the urine deposits are in the carpet fibres and not in the carpet backing / underlay or floorboards. If the deposits are in the carpet backing / underlay or floorboards the carpet will need to be lifted for further treatment.
Scenario number 2:
There are no apparent urine stains on your carpet or furniture but stains appear after cleaning has been completed. This happens because the urine deposits are dormant in the carpet backing or underlay and are “drawn” to the surface in the cleaning process. Remember; a carpet cleaner can only clean the carpet fibres not the underlay or floorboards underneath, so when urine deposits are underneath they can “wick” through overnight to the carpet fibres. This problem can normally be fixed by a second visit and applying urine spot treatment chemicals to the affected areas.
Scenario number 3:
The carpet is so heavily contaminated that no amount of cleaning, deodorising, stain treatments, etc. will get rid of the odour or stains. In this case, it’s time for the carpet and underlay to go to the tip. We offer new carpet installation services, in this case, we will dispose of your carpet and underlay because of severe urine damage and we make sure that we treat the wood or concrete floor before relaying the new carpet and underlay.
Kairos Upholstery has 2 methods to treat urine and urine stains on carpets.
Method 1 – Surface treatments or top-down treatments of carpet fibres.
This method will be successful if soiling is in carpet fibres only and urine has not penetrated the carpet backing, underlay and floor. This method does not involve lifting the carpet and is the cheaper option.
Method 2
If your pet has been soiling the carpet in the same area your underlay and floor may be soiled.
Cleaning your carpet may not be the answer if the carpet backing/underlay and floor are urine affected, you may have to perform the following.
Kairos Upholstery will carefully lift your carpet and inspect to decide if step two is needed, or if a standard steam clean and deodorize is sufficient.
Remove soiled underlay out of the house. Wash and reseal your floorboards or concrete base. Cut and relay new underlay.
Relay the carpet after cleaning it thoroughly. Treat pet stains with our chemicals and spray more deodorizer where needed.
In severe cases of extreme urine soiling, we may suggest disposal of the carpet and underlay, treating the floor and laying new carpet and underlay.
As a proud pet owner, you understand the important role they have within your family. Pets are a joy to have in the home – but they can also create serious problems for your carpet and home interior. If you want to keep your pets happy but do not want to face the lingering issue of pet odor, contact us today at Kairos Upholstery. Our technicians have the tools and training to effectively remove pet odors and restore your home to a clean, healthy, and fresh environment.
If your pets spend any amount of time outdoors, they will inevitably track dirt and contaminants into your home. Whether they walk dirt across the carpet on their paws or roll around on the floor and spread allergens and pollutants from their fur, there is no guaranteed way to keep them from spreading outside grime into your house.
Even worse, new pets or ones that have not yet been house trained can damage your carpets, area rugs, and underlying padding with their urine. Pet urine contains alkaline salts which attract moisture in the air, meaning your carpets will remain damp and musty for much longer. Over time, these elements will deteriorate and destroy your carpets.
Fortunately, our team at Kairos Upholstery have the ability to extract even the toughest stains from your home, removing the lingering odors and freshening your home.
Urine Treatment
If Pet urine is not cleaned up correctly cleaning will make the smell much worse. Pet urine can cause permanent damage to your floors and fabrics. It can also create an unhealthy indoor environment in which the bacteria can make a horrible smell. These are difficult to remove. The removal also requires a specially trained technicians.
When urine is first deposited onto a floor or fabric, it has a pH of about 5 or 6, which is on the acid side of the pH Scale. It is easiest to remove right then when it is fresh. This is the reason we suggest calling Kairos Upholstery as a matter of urgency once this has happened.
If the urine dries, it turns into an “alkaline” with a high pH between 10 to 12 on the scale and becomes much harder to remove. The warm acid state of the urine offers a perfect breeding ground for bacteria (often the cause of an odour), which begin to flourish almost immediately. In this original acid state, the urine starts to oxidise and react with the carpet to create a colour change, which will become permanent if the urine is not removed immediately.
Some of this colour change can be attributed to the strong ammonia that forms as the urine passes through bacterial and chemical change. If left for days or weeks, depending on the fabric or floor type, it will change the dye structure, therefore causing permanent staining. Even if the soluble deposits are removed, the damage to the dye structure may already be done and irreversible.
There are two sources of odours associated with urine. The first comes from bacteria that grow abundantly in dark, warm places with a never-ending food source. A pet can feed the bacteria daily! This bacteria growth and breakdown of the urine creates amino acids. These complex organic compounds will often work deep into the fibres to the point of becoming part of the fibre. This can present a challenging situation. The waste materials and gases from the decomposing urine create an unpleasant odour. When dried urine is remoistened, it gives off an ammonia gas, and it is a horrible Smell!
The second source of the odour is a smell that is present even when the bacteria have been eliminated. The salts and crystals that are left behind as the urine dries are hydrophilic and draw water to them. This also presents additional odour problems when the relative humidity is high. Therefore, you need a professional company that knows how to handle and neutralise the odours caused by the urine. Dried urine is often easy to smell in the humid months because the salts attract the moisture, the moisture evaporates putting out a greater proportion of odorous ammonia gas. You must get rid of the urine salts in and under the carpet to get rid of the odour. That’s why cleaning existing urine spots will not remove any associated odour. It could increase the odour in the air space for a temporary period.
Be assured of a cleaning company that pays keen attention to detail when you give Kairos Upholstery a ring. We take great pride in the cleaning services that we do, we want to be sure that all homes and offices that we enter are cleaned thoroughly so the family could have a healthier lifestyle.
Pet Stain Carpet Cleaning Services
When we have pets on our carpets and furniture there can be various problems associated with cleaning. The following information will help you understand these problems and also explain the various treatments available.
Our technicians have and use the best chemicals and procedures available to them. In rare cases, the problem may be beyond cleaning and carpets and furniture may need to be replaced.
Please read the various options available below.
Which Method To Choose:
Scenario number 1:
You have your carpets and furnishings cleaned and the pet odour becomes more evident after cleaning. This can happen because you were not aware of urine soiled areas. The urine soiled areas are “hidden” or not noticeable in your carpet and cleaning the carpet has activated the urine salt deposits and the odour can be worse than when cleaning commenced. This scenario does not happen all the time but it can occur. It can also occur days after the cleaning has been completed. If odour is present after cleaning this can normally be rectified by applying a deodorizing product to the carpet / furniture as long as the urine deposits are in the carpet fibres and not in the carpet backing / underlay or floorboards. If the deposits are in the carpet backing / underlay or floorboards the carpet will need to be lifted for further treatment.
Scenario number 2:
There are no apparent urine stains on your carpet or furniture but stains appear after cleaning has been completed. This happens because the urine deposits are dormant in the carpet backing or underlay and are “drawn” to the surface in the cleaning process. Remember; a carpet cleaner can only clean the carpet fibres not the underlay or floorboards underneath, so when urine deposits are underneath they can “wick” through overnight to the carpet fibres. This problem can normally be fixed by a second visit and applying urine spot treatment chemicals to the affected areas.
Scenario number 3:
The carpet is so heavily contaminated that no amount of cleaning, deodorising, stain treatments, etc. will get rid of the odour or stains. In this case, it’s time for the carpet and underlay to go to the tip. We offer new carpet installation services, in this case, we will dispose of your carpet and underlay because of severe urine damage and we make sure that we treat the wood or concrete floor before relaying the new carpet and underlay.
Kairos Upholstery has 2 methods to treat urine and urine stains on carpets.
Method 1 – Surface treatments or top-down treatments of carpet fibres.
This method will be successful if soiling is in carpet fibres only and urine has not penetrated the carpet backing, underlay and floor. This method does not involve lifting the carpet and is the cheaper option.
Method 2
If your pet has been soiling the carpet in the same area your underlay and floor may be soiled.
Cleaning your carpet may not be the answer if the carpet backing/underlay and floor are urine affected, you may have to perform the following.
Kairos Upholstery will carefully lift your carpet and inspect to decide if step two is needed, or if a standard steam clean and deodorize is sufficient.
Remove soiled underlay out of the house. Wash and reseal your floorboards or concrete base. Cut and relay new underlay.
Relay the carpet after cleaning it thoroughly. Treat pet stains with our chemicals and spray more deodorizer where needed.
In severe cases of extreme urine soiling, we may suggest disposal of the carpet and underlay, treating the floor and laying new carpet and underlay.
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Tips for Removing Pet Urine Smell and Stains from the Carpet
Everyone loves their beloved ones and when it comes to pet animals, what could be better than that. But the urine odours and stains they leave irritate everyone. It seems quite difficult to get rid of these urine stains and odours, so here we are going to provide you with the best tips to remove pet’s urine odour and stains from the carpet.
Clean the Pet Urine As Earlier As Possible
Pet urine become a problem as it remains on the carpet which suggests that we need to remove it as soon as we have noticed it for the first time. Blot with a clean towel or rag to stop the urine from seeping deeper into the carpet.
Don’t Use Any Product that Contains Ammonia in It for Cleaning Pet Urine
When you are working to clean the pet urine from the carpet, especially cat urine averts any cleaning products that contain ammonia in it. As cat urine contains ammonia in it, it will make your cat repeat the offence in the same spot.
Best Pet Urine Deodorizers
Vinegar is the best deodorizer for removing pet urine stains and odours from the carpet. To remove pet urine stains from the carpet with vinegar, mix one part of lukewarm water with one part of vinegar. Spray the vinegar solution onto the carpet (or you can also pour it) and clean it with a scrub brush. Clean and let dry, then scatter with baking soda and vacuum it up.
Be Furtive with Toys and Food
It’s a well-known fact that cats and dogs do not like to urinate in an area where they play or eat. As you’ve completed the cleaning, and as the area dries, place some toys and food bowls in that place to prevent any repeat performances.
Add Greenery to Your Place
The most appealing way to remove pet odours naturally is by adding greenery to your house. Plants will naturally purify the air and detox your home. Before going to buy new plants for your home, make some research on which plants are pet-friendly.
To Get Rid of Pet Odors Change the Filters Regularly
It is always essential to remove and change the filters of your AC to get rid of pet odours. If you’re not regularly changing the filters often enough, those bad pet smells will just keep moving throughout your home sweet home.
Try to Wash and Clean Your Pet’s Bedding Every 2 Weeks
It mostly happens that pet’s owners often forget to change and wash their pet’s bedding, Odors from the bedding can overhaul your pet and the whole house! The only way to get rid of these bad odours is to clean and wash your pet’s bedding every 2 weeks.
Avoid Heat and Hot Water
It is mostly believed that the hotter the water the better than stain will remove; however, you want to avoid using steam cleaners or hot water on Pet urine stains as the heat can permanently set the stain and odour by bonding the protein into any man-made fibres.
Odor Removal
Pets are members of the family and the odors they bring into your household don’t trump the love. That is why most pet owners accept that the smell is part of the job. However, learning to manage pet odors makes for a happier home. Pet odor removal is a particularly cumbersome task, because once set, the smell can permanently damage the floor, carpet and furniture.
What is it about pet odor?
Why is pet odor removal so difficult? Primarily, it is the chemical makeup that causes the odor. Urine, for example, is rich in nitrogen and can have a strong ammonia smell. Other waste products contain foul-smelling bacteria. When you combine these strong odors with improper cleanup, you are stuck with a smell that won’t go away.
When accidents happen, the liquid doesn’t just sit on the surface. It seeps down into the fibrous material. That is where odor lives, and can be the most difficult place to reach. Homeowners get used to the smell and fail to realize it remains after they clean up.
Which pet accidents cause damage?
Some pet problems will actually ruin the carpet unless treated properly.
Urine – Urine is the worst offender because it not only produces a lingering smell but can also actually damage the dyes and fibers in the rug.
Vomit – Stomach acid has the potential to harm any type of surface, including carpets.
Fecal matter – Most damage from fecal matter comes due to improper cleanup. Rubbing the area embeds the waste into the carpet fibers and backing where is can cause permanent problems.
DIY vs. Professional Service
The majority of pet odor removal requires professional service. Over the counter products are stopgap measures at best. They claim to make the odor go away, however, what they actually do is cover it up. The combination of the fragrance and the family’s desensitization to the smell only works temporarily.
A professional service takes a more scientific approach to the problem. The goal is neutralization, not masking. Commercial removal products will counteract the smell instead of covering it up. They also provide a more thorough cleaning that includes carpet backing and the subfloor when necessary.
What is the answer to pet odors?
The first step is to determine why accidents happen. Every household has the occasional problem, but chronic accidents may be a symptom of a medical condition. Take your pet to the veterinarian for a full exam to rule out health issues. In most cases, retraining will help reduce recurrences. Once you have the situation under control, it is time to call in a professional to clean up.
Do your best to spot clean the area yourself first. Rubbing alcohol, watered-down ammonia and an enzyme detergent will help remove all odors, at least temporarily, but for extensive problems, you will need a carpet cleaning company like Kairos Upholstery. They offer services for proper odor removal. It is also worth getting an expert evaluation to see if your carpet is salvageable. The cost of professional cleaning is far less than full carpet replacement. Commercial service will also offer advice on ways to avoid future damage. Contact Kairos Upholstery for the removal of pet odors and other types of smells. Our experts can manage almost any odor problem efficiently and thoroughly.
Pet Stain and Pet Odor Removal
Our dogs, cats, and other animals provide love, loyalty, and companionship (never mind plenty of laughs). Let’s face it – given the choice, we’d never live without them. On the other hand, living with them provides challenges – especially cleaning challenges.
If you’ve been scouring the Internet for information on pet stain removal, pet odor removal, and how to remove pet urine stains or smells from your carpet, you’re like many of Kairos Upholstery’s customers who are battling to handle the most common pet cleaning problems. Indoor “accidents” or marking, shedding in warm weather, and litter box odors are just a few of the challenges you face.
In the most frustrating moments, especially when there are accidents, it’s tempting to yell at or punish your pet. But please remember that even when your pet makes “mistakes,” he or she is behaving in ways that seem natural; your pet is not trying to frustrate you or be “bad.” Yelling at your pet or punishing the animal will only confuse and scare him or her, and damage your relationship.
There are many positive, loving ways to train or re-train your pet. The training specialists offer tips for dealing with pet training, and they also provide some good information on how to deal with stains and odors. We’ve summarized the advice below:
Figure out where the accident happened, and re-train your pet
Which areas have your pet soiled? Find out by spotting and even sniffing (yes, sniffing!) out soiled areas. Once you’ve found the soiled spots, lightly outline the areas with chalk. At this point, you’ll have to re-train your pet to avoid eliminating problem areas by using positive reinforcement techniques. The key is to show your pet the appropriate place to eliminate. One of the basic steps that are important to take is to make the “accident zone” unattractive and/or unavailable to your pet. The appropriate “bathroom” area, meanwhile, should be made as attractive and available as possible.
Clean up
Now to pet stain removal and how to remove that pet urine smell! To be successful, carefully follow each of the recommended steps. As long as your pet can smell that personal scent, he or she will continue to return to the “accident zone.” Even when you think you’ve removed the smell of pet urine and the soiled area appears to be clean, your pet will smell any traces of urine that exist. The following tips will help you remove pet urine stains and smells from a variety of home objects:
To clean washable items: Wash garments or other items in the washing machine, but add a one-pound box of baking soda to your regular detergent. Air-dry the clothes if possible. If you can still see the pet stain or smell urine, repeat the process and add one of the enzymatic cleaners available at pet supply stores to further break down pet-waste odors. Be sure to follow the directions carefully.
Removing Pet Urine Smell and Stains
Everyone loves their beloved ones and when it comes to pet animals, what could be better than that. But the urine odours and stains they leave irritate everyone. It seems quite difficult to get rid of these urine stains and odours, so here we are going to provide you with the best tips to remove pet’s urine odour and stains from the carpet.
Clean the Pet Urine As Earlier As Possible
Pet urine become a problem as it remains on the carpet which suggests that we need to remove it as soon as we have noticed it for the first time. Blot with a clean towel or rag to stop the urine from seeping deeper into the carpet.
Don’t Use Any Product that Contains Ammonia in It for Cleaning Pet Urine
When you are working to clean the pet urine from the carpet, especially cat urine averts any cleaning products that contain ammonia in it. As cat urine contains ammonia in it, it will make your cat repeat the offence in the same spot.
Best Pet Urine Deodorizers
Vinegar is the best deodorizer for removing pet urine stains and odour from the carpet. To remove pet urine stains from the carpet with vinegar, mix one part of lukewarm water with one part of vinegar. Spray the vinegar solution onto the carpet (or you can also pour it) and clean it with a scrub brush. Clean and let dry, then scatter with baking soda and vacuum it up.
Be Furtive with Toys and Food
It’s a well-known fact that cats and dogs do not like to urinate in an area where they play or eat. As you’ve completed the cleaning, and as the area dries, place some toys and food bowls in that place to prevent any repeat performances.
Add Greenery to Your Place
The most appealing way to remove pet odours naturally is by adding greenery to your house. Plants will naturally purify the air and detox your home. Before going to buy new plants for your home, make some research on which plants are pet-friendly.
To Get Rid of Pet Odors Change the Filters Regularly
It is always essential to remove and change the filters of your AC to get rid of pet odours. If you’re not regularly changing the filters often enough, those bad pet smells will just keep moving throughout your home sweet home.
Try to Wash and Clean Your Pet’s Bedding Every 2 Weeks
It mostly happens that pet’s owners often forget to change and wash their pet’s bedding, Odors from the bedding can overhaul your pet and the whole house! The only way to get rid of these bad odours is to clean and wash your pet’s bedding every 2 weeks.
Avoid Heat and Hot Water
It is mostly believed that the hotter the water the better than stain will remove; however, you want to avoid using steam cleaners or hot water on Pet urine stains as the heat can permanently set the stain and odour by bonding the protein into any man-made fibres.
Odor Removal
Pets are members of the family and the odors they bring into your household don’t trump the love. That is why most pet owners accept that the smell is part of the job. However, learning to manage pet odors makes for a happier home. Pet odor removal is a particularly cumbersome task because once set, the smell can permanently damage the floor, carpet and furniture.
What is it about pet odor?
Why is pet odor removal so difficult? Primarily, it is the chemical makeup that causes the odor. Urine, for example, is rich in nitrogen and can have a strong ammonia smell. Other waste products contain foul-smelling bacteria. When you combine these strong odors with improper cleanup, you are stuck with a smell that won’t go away.
When accidents happen, the liquid doesn’t just sit on the surface. It seeps down into the fibrous material. That is where odor lives, and can be the most difficult place to reach. Homeowners get used to the smell and fail to realize it remains after they clean up.
Which pet accidents cause damage?
Some pet problems will actually ruin the carpet unless treated properly.
Urine – Urine is the worst offender because it not only produces a lingering smell but can also actually damage the dyes and fibers in the rug.
Vomit – Stomach acid has the potential to harm any type of surface, including carpets.
Fecal matter – Most damage from fecal matter comes due to improper cleanup. Rubbing the area embeds the waste into the carpet fibers and backing where it can cause permanent problems.
DIY vs. Professional Service
The majority of pet odor removal requires professional service. Over the counter products are stopgap measures at best. They claim to make the odor go away, however, what they actually do is cover it up. The combination of the fragrance and the family’s desensitization to the smell only works temporarily.
A professional service takes a more scientific approach to the problem. The goal is neutralization, not masking. Commercial removal products will counteract the smell instead of covering it up. They also provide a more thorough cleaning that includes carpet backing and the subfloor when necessary.
Pet Stain and Pet Odor Removal
Our dogs, cats, and other animals provide love, loyalty, and companionship (never mind plenty of laughs). Let’s face it – given the choice, we’d never live without them. On the other hand, living with them provides challenges – especially cleaning challenges.
If you’ve been scouring the Internet for information on pet stain removal, pet odor removal, and how to remove pet urine stains or smells from your carpet, you’re like many of Kairos Upholstery’s customers who are battling to handle the most common pet cleaning problems. Indoor “accidents” or marking, shedding in warm weather, and litter box odors are just a few of the challenges you face.
In the most frustrating moments, especially when there are accidents, it’s tempting to yell at or punish your pet. But please remember that even when your pet makes “mistakes,” he or she is behaving in ways that seem natural; your pet is not trying to frustrate you or be “bad.” Yelling at your pet or punishing the animal will only confuse and scare him or her, and damage your relationship.
There are many positive, loving ways to train or re-train your pet. The training specialists offer tips for dealing with pet training, and they also provide some good information on how to deal with stains and odors. We’ve summarized the advice below:
Figure out where the accident happened, and re-train your pet
Which areas have your pet soiled? Find out by spotting and even sniffing (yes, sniffing!) out soiled areas. Once you’ve found the soiled spots, lightly outline the areas with chalk. At this point, you’ll have to re-train your pet to avoid eliminating problem areas by using positive reinforcement techniques. The key is to show your pet the appropriate place to eliminate. One of the basic steps that is important to take is to make the “accident zone” unattractive and/or unavailable to your pet. The appropriate “bathroom” area, meanwhile, should be made as attractive and available as possible.
Clean up
Now to pet stain removal and how to remove that pet urine smell! To be successful, carefully follow each of the recommended steps. As long as your pet can smell that personal scent, he or she will continue to return to the “accident zone.” Even when you think you’ve removed the smell of pet urine and the soiled area appears to be clean, your pet will smell any traces of urine that exist. The following tips will help you remove pet urine stains and smells from a variety of home objects:
To clean washable items: Wash garments or other items in the washing machine, but add a one-pound box of baking soda to your regular detergent. Air-dry the clothes if possible. If you can still see the pet stain or smell urine, repeat the process and add one of the enzymatic cleaners available at pet supply stores to further break down pet-waste odors. Be sure to follow the directions carefully.
How to Clean Carpets
Keeping your carpets hygienically clean is a challenge with four-legged friends on the loose. When an accident occurs, it can be tempting to blitz it with the strongest chemical you can find. But it’s important to choose products that thoroughly remove stains and that are safe for your pet, too. Removing pet stains completely means treating the area immediately. Save valuable time (and money) by utilising two humble pantry staples.
Vinegar, The Wonder Cleaner
Vinegar works on pet urine by disinfecting the area and breaking down the uric acid – the main culprit for that unmistakable smell. The odour must be completely eliminated or your beloved pet may return to the scene of the crime and commit the crime again! Vinegar leaves no residue so will dry clear and with no vinegary smell. Of course, there are many varieties of vinegar but for the purpose of pet stain removal, distilled white vinegar is the way to go.
Baking Soda Aka Bicarb Soda
Baking soda is a non-toxic white, crystalline powder. Its alkaline properties help to neutralise any remaining odour. When sprinkled over your carpet, it works to absorb any lingering moisture and smells.
A Step-By-Step Guide
Follow this method to remove pet stains. Vinegar is safe to use on carpet but spot-testing for colour-fastness is advisable – just do it somewhere inconspicuous.
What You’ll Need
distilled white vinegar
baking soda (bicarb soda)
paper towels or old bath towels
spray bottle or white rag/cloth
rubber gloves
Step 1
First, remove any solid matter. Use paper towels or a scoop and take care not to spread the stain further or rub it deeper into the carpet. This job is not fun but it’s very important. Use gloves.
Step 2
Next you’ll want to lift as much moisture out of the carpet fibres as possible. Paper towels work best to absorb liquid. DON’T scrub. Using a blotting action prevents driving the stain deeper into the pile and it won’t damage the delicate fibres of your carpet. For maximum absorption, lay down the paper towel and tread on it lightly. Repeat this action with a fresh paper towel until the towel comes up dry after blotting. This may take a while but it’s important so keep at it. If you don’t have paper towels on hand, old bath towels can also be used.
Step 3
Make up a mixture of vinegar and water – a half and half solution is recommended – and begin applying it to the stained area. Using either a spray bottle or a white towel soaked in the solution (you don’t want to inadvertently transfer colour dye to your carpet), wet the area. It’s not necessary to flood the carpet but make sure you cover it well. Blot dry again with more paper towels or fresh bath towels.
Step 4
Now sprinkle baking soda liberally over the affected area. At this point, you can gently massage the powder into the carpet for a few minutes and then leave it to dry completely. This may take a day or more.
Step 5
Once completely dry, vacuum up the baking soda. At this point, the stain should be completely gone but sometimes vomit and poo can prove especially difficult to remove. In this case, you can repeat the previous steps again or you can follow an additional step.
Extra Step For Stubborn Pet Stains
What You’ll Need
baking soda
1 teaspoon mild dish washing detergent
¼ cup 3% hydrogen peroxide (IMPORTANT – anything stronger than 3% could bleach your carpet)
spray bottle
rubber gloves
Sprinkle the baking soda liberally over the affected area. Mix ¼ cup of hydrogen peroxide with a tsp of dish washing liquid in the bottle and spray over the baking soda. Use your fingers (gloved, of course!) to gently massage the carpet fibres. Now leave to completely dry once again. Vacuum up the residue once done.
How to Clean Urine off a Couch
Urine stains are without a doubt the worst and you never see them coming. Whether it’s your favourite dog leaving a “nice surprise”, your cat marking its territory or your baby having an accident, keeping the couch clean of pee can turn into a real challenge. It’s not just about aesthetics, too, but about prolonging the piece’s lifespan. So, finding just the right treatment is essential, as it can save you a lot of time, unnecessary efforts and money altogether.
Why is urine so tough to clean?
It’s hard to define which is worse – the liquid’s persistence or the smell, but we can all agree that removing urine stains can be a pain. Despite the fact that urine mostly consists of water, 91-96 % to be exact, there are also various other elements that contribute to its specific properties, as their quantity changes, depending on whether it’s human or animal pee.
Uric acid is present in any type of urine and it is the main reason why removing pee from upholstery is so challenging. While other elements can be diluted in water, uric acid is transformed into invisible crystals, which are not only tough to extract from fabric but are also reacting with it, changing its colour over time.
Once the urine is absorbed by a couch’s textile, high temperature or moisture can reactivate the crystals, making them release a strong odour. This is exactly what attracts cats and dogs over and over again to the same spot when they need to “do their business” not just on the couch, but on the carpets, too. This is also why getting the urine stains out as early as possible is a good prevention measure. Especially, if you have nice and clean jute rug, for instance, that could be seriously damaged by any form of liquid.
Before you put on your gloves and get ready to clean, take a moment to examine the label on your sofa. Some materials are more sensitive, so in case you have suede or velour sofa, make sure to take the listed instructions in mind to avoid damages.
How to clean urine off fabric couch
Successfully cleaning the urine off the couch depends on choosing the right treatment. While there are plenty of commercial cleaning products claiming to be the best urine removers, homemade solutions are a good eco-friendly alternative that will cost less and be beneficial for your family’s and pets’ health.
Cleaning fresh urine stains
The moment you catch your furry companions “doing their business” on the couch, it is best to start treating the spot immediately with one of the following home remedies.
Enzyme cleaner
This product can create a quick chemical reaction, in order to neutralise the urine. While it is favoured for solving tough urine problems, it can be also effective for destroying greasy stains. Its composition makes it safe to use not just for cleaning the couch, but for removing dog and cat urine from fabric in general. While you can directly purchase a product from an eco-friendly store, there is the option of preparing a homemade enzyme cleaner, suitable for cat and dog urine. Keep in mind, though, that the solution needs to ferment, which usually takes about a month. The good news is that only kitchen ingredients are required, including fruit scraps, which makes this product a natural urine remover you can use all around the house.
Salt
This is another easy and effective method to get the fresh pee out of your favourite couch. Since no water is used in the process, this method can come in handy when you struggle with cleaning stains on delicate velour, velvet, microfiber or suede couches. Due to the specifics of the material, you may find that the label allows only a solvent treatment. If that’s the case, then salt can be of use. Here is the process:
Carefully absorb some of the liquid with kitchen paper without using force (if you press too hard you may cause for the urine to soak further into the couch’s textile).
Sprinkle a generous amount of salt on the affected area (you can directly do this and skip the first step if you are worried about spreading the stain).
Leave the salt to soak up the urine for a few hours until the stain starts looking dry.
Thoroughly vacuum.
Inspect the results of your work and repeat if necessary.
(Optional) You can repeat the process until you get satisfying results or you can apply the enzymatic cleaner if the fabric of the couch allows it.
Treating dried pee stain on couch
While fresh stains may not put up much of a fight, older ones can be a real nightmare. There is still something you can do, but arm yourself with patience, as this may take a lot more efforts.
Vinegar and dishwashing liquid
When it comes to eco-friendly cleaning, it is impossible not to mention white vinegar. It is a popular all-purpose cleaner that can come in handy in tough situations – for removing stains from carpets, spot cleaning curtains, washing windows and even jewellery. Given that it is acid-based, it can break down urine, making your couch look and smell much better. However, it is preferred to treat just the dry old stains, otherwise, the urine smell could intensify when a stain is fresh and make the cleaning process more difficult.
Here is all you have to do:
Check the furniture label for “W” or “S-W”, which means that you can treat the fabric with water-based products,
Mix well a 50/50 solution of white vinegar and lukewarm water in a spray bottle or in another container, adding only 1-2 drops of dishwashing liquid, so the solution doesn’t create too much foam;
Treat the smelly couch area with the blend and let it dry on its own;
Repeat if needed.
If you need to clean pee off a couch cushion only, then you can try removing the cover and washing it with 1 cup of vinegar and a few drops of lemon essential oil. Not all covers allow this, though, in which case you can follow the steps above, adding another ingredient – borax. Once the urine stain is covered with vinegar, sprinkle a solid amount of borax and leave it for several hours. The powder will absorb the moisture from the couch’s fabric, along with any unpleasant smells.
Hydrogen peroxide and baking soda
If you have light-coloured furniture, then you can test this homemade cleaner for getting rid of both human and pet urine stains.
Mix 3 % hydrogen peroxide (you can dilute it with water if you are worried about the couch’s material), baking soda and a small portion of laundry detergent.
Pour the solution into a spray bottle and spray the whole stain.
Wait for 45-30 min for the concoction to work.
Once the urine stain and odour are eliminated, you can move on to washing with water.
One thing to keep in mind is that the hydrogen peroxide could cause some bleaching, so always test first on an area which is hardly visible.
Alternative cleaning methods to consider:
Sometimes, cleaning urine off the couch by hand may prove insufficient, in which case professional assistance is required. Doing the job yourself is not always worth it, as a wrong approach may result in permanent damage to the fabric. If you think you may damage your expensive new couch or you doubt that you can make the delicate sofa material spotless again, it is best not to take any chances. Just opt for a specialised upholstery treatment, book an upholstery cleaning and let us the professionals deal with it!
How to get urine out of your leather couch
Leather is more durable and water-resistant, so the urine problem may not seem as frightening. However, no matter how reliable this material looks, it is still not fully protected when it comes to staining. Besides, getting urine smell out of a leather couch is not any easier. This is especially valid when white leather is involved, as yellowing could be an unpleasant consequence.
That is why you shouldn’t underestimate the problem and postpone dealing with it. In addition to the professional cleaning option, there are also homemade remedies to try. You can test the vinegar and dishwashing liquid recipe mentioned above minus the borax.
Make sure to have control over the amount of water used in the cleaning process. Once you blot the urine and treat the urine stain with the solution, absorb the liquid, leaving little moisture on the leather that can air dry easily. You may have to repeat the process. When there is a dried pee stain on a cushion, make sure to wash the filling, as well, in addition to treating the cover.
Frequently Asked Question
What kind of odours can you remediate?
We can remediate a very extensive range of odours including cigarette smoke, spoiled dairy, bodily fluids and more. Call us on 079 0811 495 for more info or to discuss your unique circumstances.
Can you remove wine, coffe, tea, pet stains etc?
Some stains can be permanent by nature, but the quicker we get to them the better. Also, we tend to get better results if they haven’t been worsened by other people. There are certainly some things you can do to help (here and here) but if you are unsure then just call us first and we’ll deal with it as quickly as possible.
Can you remove pet odours and urine?
The deodoriser in our cleaning solution will deal with most pet odours. We use professional spotters specificity designed for the removal of urine.
Why should I choose Kairos Upholstery?
Simple. We are fast, friendly, effective and above all competitively priced. On top of that we have a great reputation with over 10 years experience.
Are the cleaning products eco-friendly?
At Kairos Upholstery, we take care of your pets and kids while providing cleaning solutions. We make sure to use eco-friendly chemicals to ensure it doesn’t harm your family members.
Do you guarantee to remove all stains?
Unfortunately, not every stain. We will treat stained areas using the best products available. But we can’t guarantee the removal of certain stains. Some agents may affect carpet dyes, which may damage the carpet permanently. It is best to treat your stain as soon as it appears.
There is blood on my carpet, will you be able to remove it?
This depends on how quickly the blood was mopped up (some medications that are present in the blood stream can also affect this).
When blood is on the carpet we recommend the following:
Absorb as much as possible (do NOT rub, you MUST blot only). Use COLD water only to blot out stains (do NOT use HOT water or products from the supermarket, these can set the stains). Call Kairos Upholstery as soon as possible, time is of the essence, the sooner the blood is treated the better the results will be. We have the correct equipment and stain removal agents to treat the blood effectively, however we cannot guarantee to achieve complete stain removal. In most instances you will see a minimum of some improvement eg. The stain will at least fade or reduce in size some what. Please note, blood has a strong tendency to reappear and we strongly advise that you consider having more than one treatment to achieve the best results. In some instances you may need to consider new carpet. In some instances you should consider contacting your insurance company as the effective removal of blood can be costly.
Do you use chemicals that are safe, and will not harm my family or pets?
Our cleaning agents are quite safe, and environmentally friendly. Some of our spotting agents need careful handling, but they are always neutralized and thoroughly rinsed out, to ensure there will be no harm to your family or pets. All of the chemicals we used are professionally made and tested. We do not make or ‘create’ our own detergents or mix them up in the back yard. We take great care to make sure you have the cleanest, healthiest carpets.
Have you had your carpet cleaned and had the spots just “come right back”? Why does that happen?
There are two reasons that spots return:
The first reason is wicking. Many times, the spot that is being removed has seeped into the backing of the carpet. This is common with pet urine, beverages, and anything that is spilled in “volume”. The material dries in the backing and the cushion (pad) of the carpet. When the spot is cleaned, only the material in the “pile” of the carpet is removed. However, moisture is introduced into the backing of the carpet. As the spot dries, the material that is in the backing of the carpet wicks back into the pile. Consider this definition of wick: Wick – Any piece of porous material that conveys liquid by capillary action; e.g. the wick on a candle, the wick in an oil lamp, the fibres in your carpet, Even traffic area soil that is embedded can wick back. This is especially common in glue down carpet that is heavily impacted with soil. When the carpet is cleaned, it looks good. When it dries, the spots and traffic areas come back. The good news is that if a spot actually wicks back, it can be removed. When spot cleaning, place a folded white terry cloth towel over the spot just after you clean it while the spot is still moist. Place a heavy object on top of the cloth. When you have your carpet cleaned professionally, be sure to point out spots that have wicked back in the past, so they can be treated properly.
The second reason spots return is re-soiling. Re-soiling is caused by a sticky residue that has been left behind. The residue may be from the spot itself, the cleaner that was used, or both. Some common residue causes are over-the-counter carpet cleaners purchased at the grocery store avoid using these cleaners altogether.
What are other services do you offer?
In addition to pet and stain removal services we also offer the following services – carpet cleaning, upholstery cleaning, rugs cleaning, rugs repairing, carpet installation, carpet repairing, mattress cleaning, leather cleaning, water damage restoration, carpet repairing and wooden floor repairing.
Love your pet but can’t live without the luxury of soft floor coverings underfoot? Read on to learn how to remove pet stains from the carpet and the couch.
How to Clean Carpets
Keeping your carpets hygienically clean is a challenge with four-legged friends on the loose. When an accident occurs, it can be tempting to blitz it with the strongest chemical you can find. But it’s important to choose products that thoroughly remove stains and that are safe for your pet, too. Removing pet stains completely means treating the area immediately. Save valuable time (and money) by utilising two humble pantry staples.
Vinegar, The Wonder Cleaner
Vinegar works on pet urine by disinfecting the area and breaking down the uric acid – the main culprit for that unmistakable smell. The odour must be completely eliminated or your beloved pet may return to the scene of the crime and commit the crime again! Vinegar leaves no residue so will dry clear and with no vinegary smell. Of course, there are many varieties of vinegar but for the purpose of pet stain removal, distilled white vinegar is the way to go.
Baking Soda Aka Bicarb Soda
Baking soda is a non-toxic white, crystalline powder. Its alkaline properties help to neutralise any remaining odour. When sprinkled over your carpet, it works to absorb any lingering moisture and smells.
A Step-By-Step Guide
Follow this method to remove pet stains. Vinegar is safe to use on carpet but spot-testing for colour-fastness is advisable – just do it somewhere inconspicuous.
What You’ll Need
distilled white vinegar
baking soda (bicarb soda)
paper towels or old bath towels
spray bottle or white rag/cloth
rubber gloves
Step 1
First, remove any solid matter. Use paper towels or a scoop and take care not to spread the stain further or rub it deeper into the carpet. This job is not fun but it’s very important. Use gloves.
Step 2
Next, you’ll want to lift as much moisture out of the carpet fibres as possible. Paper towels work best to absorb liquid. DON’T scrub. Using a blotting action prevents driving the stain deeper into the pile and it won’t damage the delicate fibres of your carpet. For maximum absorption, lay down the paper towel and tread on it lightly. Repeat this action with a fresh paper towel until the towel comes up dry after blotting. This may take a while but it’s important so keep at it. If you don’t have paper towels on hand, old bath towels can also be used.
Step 3
Make up a mixture of vinegar and water – a half and the half solution is recommended – and begin applying it to the stained area. Using either a spray bottle or a white towel soaked in the solution (you don’t want to inadvertently transfer colour dye to your carpet), wet the area. It’s not necessary to flood the carpet but make sure you cover it well. Blot dry again with more paper towels or fresh bath towels.
Step 4
Now sprinkle baking soda liberally over the affected area. At this point, you can gently massage the powder into the carpet for a few minutes and then leave it to dry completely. This may take a day or more.
Step 5
Once completely dry, vacuum up the baking soda. At this point, the stain should be completely gone but sometimes vomit and poo can prove especially difficult to remove. In this case, you can repeat the previous steps again or you can follow an additional step.
Extra Step For Stubborn Pet Stains
What You’ll Need
baking soda
1 teaspoon mild dishwashing detergent
¼ cup 3% hydrogen peroxide (IMPORTANT – anything stronger than 3% could bleach your carpet)
spray bottle
rubber gloves
Sprinkle the baking soda liberally over the affected area. Mix ¼ cup of hydrogen peroxide with a tsp of dishwashing liquid in the bottle and spray over the baking soda. Use your fingers (gloved, of course!) to gently massage the carpet fibres. Now leave to completely dry once again. Vacuum up the residue once done.
How to Clean Urine off a Couch
Urine stains are without a doubt the worst and you never see them coming. Whether it’s your favourite dog leaving a “nice surprise”, your cat marking its territory or your baby having an accident, keeping the couch clean of pee can turn into a real challenge. It’s not just about aesthetics, too, but about prolonging the piece’s lifespan. So, finding just the right treatment is essential, as it can save you a lot of time, unnecessary efforts and money altogether.
Why is urine so tough to clean?
It’s hard to define which is worse – the liquid’s persistence or the smell, but we can all agree that removing urine stains can be a pain. Despite the fact that urine mostly consists of water, 91-96 % to be exact, there are also various other elements that contribute to its specific properties, as their quantity changes, depending on whether it’s human or animal pee.
Uric acid is present in any type of urine and it is the main reason why removing pee from upholstery is so challenging. While other elements can be diluted in water, uric acid is transformed into invisible crystals, which are not only tough to extract from fabric but are also reacting with it, changing its colour over time.
Once the urine is absorbed by a couch’s textile, high temperature or moisture can reactivate the crystals, making them release a strong odour. This is exactly what attracts cats and dogs over and over again to the same spot when they need to “do their business” not just on the couch, but on the carpets, too. This is also why getting the urine stains out as early as possible is a good prevention measure. Especially, if you have nice and clean jute rug, for instance, that could be seriously damaged by any form of liquid.
Before you put on your gloves and get ready to clean, take a moment to examine the label on your sofa. Some materials are more sensitive, so in case you have suede or velour sofa, make sure to take the listed instructions in mind to avoid damages.
How to clean urine off fabric couch
Successfully cleaning the urine off the couch depends on choosing the right treatment. While there are plenty of commercial cleaning products claiming to be the best urine removers, homemade solutions are a good eco-friendly alternative that will cost less and be beneficial for your family’s and pets’ health.
Cleaning fresh urine stains
The moment you catch your furry companions “doing their business” on the couch, it is best to start treating the spot immediately with one of the following home remedies.
Enzyme cleaner
This product can create a quick chemical reaction, in order to neutralise the urine. While it is favoured for solving tough urine problems, it can be also effective for destroying greasy stains. Its composition makes it safe to use not just for cleaning the couch, but for removing dog and cat urine from fabric in general. While you can directly purchase a product from an eco-friendly store, there is the option of preparing a homemade enzyme cleaner, suitable for cat and dog urine. Keep in mind, though, that the solution needs to ferment, which usually takes about a month. The good news is that only kitchen ingredients are required, including fruit scraps, which makes this product a natural urine remover you can use all around the house.
Salt
This is another easy and effective method to get the fresh pee out of your favourite couch. Since no water is used in the process, this method can come in handy when you struggle with cleaning stains on delicate velour, velvet, microfiber or suede couches. Due to the specifics of the material, you may find that the label allows only a solvent treatment. If that’s the case, then salt can be of use. Here is the process:
Carefully absorb some of the liquid with kitchen paper without using force (if you press too hard you may cause for the urine to soak further into the couch’s textile).
Sprinkle a generous amount of salt on the affected area (you can directly do this and skip the first step if you are worried about spreading the stain).
Leave the salt to soak up the urine for a few hours until the stain starts looking dry.
Thoroughly vacuum.
Inspect the results of your work and repeat if necessary.
(Optional) You can repeat the process until you get satisfying results or you can apply the enzymatic cleaner if the fabric of the couch allows it.
Treating dried pee stain on couch
While fresh stains may not put up much of a fight, older ones can be a real nightmare. There is still something you can do, but arm yourself with patience, as this may take a lot more efforts.
Vinegar and dishwashing liquid
When it comes to eco-friendly cleaning, it is impossible not to mention white vinegar. It is a popular all-purpose cleaner that can come in handy in tough situations – for removing stains from carpets, spot cleaning curtains, washing windows and even jewellery. Given that it is acid-based, it can break down urine, making your couch look and smell much better. However, it is preferred to treat just the dry old stains, otherwise, the urine smell could intensify when a stain is fresh and make the cleaning process more difficult.
Here is all you have to do:
Check the furniture label for “W” or “S-W”, which means that you can treat the fabric with water-based products,
Mix well a 50/50 solution of white vinegar and lukewarm water in a spray bottle or in another container, adding only 1-2 drops of dishwashing liquid, so the solution doesn’t create too much foam;
Treat the smelly couch area with the blend and let it dry on its own;
Repeat if needed.
If you need to clean pee off a couch cushion only, then you can try removing the cover and washing it with 1 cup of vinegar and a few drops of lemon essential oil. Not all covers allow this, though, in which case you can follow the steps above, adding another ingredient – borax. Once the urine stain is covered with vinegar, sprinkle a solid amount of borax and leave it for several hours. The powder will absorb the moisture from the couch’s fabric, along with any unpleasant smells.
Hydrogen peroxide and baking soda
If you have light-coloured furniture, then you can test this homemade cleaner for getting rid of both human and pet urine stains.
Mix 3 % hydrogen peroxide (you can dilute it with water if you are worried about the couch’s material), baking soda and a small portion of laundry detergent.
Pour the solution into a spray bottle and spray the whole stain.
Wait for 45-30 min for the concoction to work.
Once the urine stain and odour are eliminated, you can move on to washing with water.
One thing to keep in mind is that the hydrogen peroxide could cause some bleaching, so always test first on an area which is hardly visible.
Alternative cleaning methods to consider:
Sometimes, cleaning urine off the couch by hand may prove insufficient, in which case professional assistance is required. Doing the job yourself is not always worth it, as a wrong approach may result in permanent damage to the fabric. If you think you may damage your expensive new couch or you doubt that you can make the delicate sofa material spotless again, it is best not to take any chances. Just opt for a specialised upholstery treatment, book an upholstery cleaning and let us the professionals deal with it!
How to get urine out of your leather couch
Leather is more durable and water-resistant, so the urine problem may not seem as frightening. However, no matter how reliable this material looks, it is still not fully protected when it comes to staining. Besides, getting urine smell out of a leather couch is not any easier. This is especially valid when white leather is involved, as yellowing could be an unpleasant consequence.
That is why you shouldn’t underestimate the problem and postpone dealing with it. In addition to the professional cleaning option, there are also homemade remedies to try. You can test the vinegar and dishwashing liquid recipe mentioned above minus the borax.
Make sure to have control over the amount of water used in the cleaning process. Once you blot the urine and treat the urine stain with the solution, absorb the liquid, leaving little moisture on the leather that can air dry easily. You may have to repeat the process. When there is a dried pee stain on a cushion, make sure to wash the filling, as well, in addition to treating the cover.
Frequently Asked Question
What kind of odours can you remediate?
We can remediate a very extensive range of odours including cigarette smoke, spoiled dairy, bodily fluids and more. Call us on 079 0811 495 for more info or to discuss your unique circumstances.
Can you remove wine, coffe, tea, pet stains etc?
Some stains can be permanent by nature, but the quicker we get to them the better. Also, we tend to get better results if they haven’t been worsened by other people. There are certainly some things you can do to help (here and here) but if you are unsure then just call us first and we’ll deal with it as quickly as possible.
Can you remove pet odours and urine?
The deodoriser in our cleaning solution will deal with most pet odours. We use professional spotters specificity designed for the removal of urine.
Why should I choose Kairos Upholstery?
Simple. We are fast, friendly, effective and above all competitively priced. On top of that we have a great reputation with over 10 years experience.
Are the cleaning products eco-friendly?
At Kairos Upholstery, we take care of your pets and kids while providing cleaning solutions. We make sure to use eco-friendly chemicals to ensure it doesn’t harm your family members.
Do you guarantee to remove all stains?
Unfortunately, not every stain. We will treat stained areas using the best products available. But we can’t guarantee the removal of certain stains. Some agents may affect carpet dyes, which may damage the carpet permanently. It is best to treat your stain as soon as it appears.
There is blood on my carpet, will you be able to remove it?
This depends on how quickly the blood was mopped up (some medications that are present in the blood stream can also affect this).
When blood is on the carpet we recommend the following:
Absorb as much as possible (do NOT rub, you MUST blot only). Use COLD water only to blot out stains (do NOT use HOT water or products from the supermarket, these can set the stains). Call Kairos Upholstery as soon as possible, time is of the essence, the sooner the blood is treated the better the results will be. We have the correct equipment and stain removal agents to treat the blood effectively, however we cannot guarantee to achieve complete stain removal. In most instances you will see a minimum of some improvement eg. The stain will at least fade or reduce in size some what. Please note, blood has a strong tendency to reappear and we strongly advise that you consider having more than one treatment to achieve the best results. In some instances you may need to consider new carpet. In some instances you should consider contacting your insurance company as the effective removal of blood can be costly.
Do you use chemicals that are safe, and will not harm my family or pets?
Our cleaning agents are quite safe, and environmentally friendly. Some of our spotting agents need careful handling, but they are always neutralized and thoroughly rinsed out, to ensure there will be no harm to your family or pets. All of the chemicals we used are professionally made and tested. We do not make or ‘create’ our own detergents or mix them up in the back yard. We take great care to make sure you have the cleanest, healthiest carpets.
Have you had your carpet cleaned and had the spots just “come right back”? Why does that happen?
There are two reasons that spots return:
The first reason is wicking. Many times, the spot that is being removed has seeped into the backing of the carpet. This is common with pet urine, beverages, and anything that is spilled in “volume”. The material dries in the backing and the cushion (pad) of the carpet. When the spot is cleaned, only the material in the “pile” of the carpet is removed. However, moisture is introduced into the backing of the carpet. As the spot dries, the material that is in the backing of the carpet wicks back into the pile. Consider this definition of wick: Wick – Any piece of porous material that conveys liquid by capillary action; e.g. the wick on a candle, the wick in an oil lamp, the fibres in your carpet, Even traffic area soil that is embedded can wick back. This is especially common in glue down carpet that is heavily impacted with soil. When the carpet is cleaned, it looks good. When it dries, the spots and traffic areas come back. The good news is that if a spot actually wicks back, it can be removed. When spot cleaning, place a folded white terry cloth towel over the spot just after you clean it while the spot is still moist. Place a heavy object on top of the cloth. When you have your carpet cleaned professionally, be sure to point out spots that have wicked back in the past, so they can be treated properly.
The second reason spots return is re-soiling. Re-soiling is caused by a sticky residue that has been left behind. The residue may be from the spot itself, the cleaner that was used, or both. Some common residue causes are over-the-counter carpet cleaners purchased at the grocery store avoid using these cleaners altogether.
What are other services do you offer?
In addition to pet and stain removal services we also offer the following services – carpet cleaning, upholstery cleaning, rugs cleaning, rugs repairing, carpet installation, carpet repairing, mattress cleaning, leather cleaning, water damage restoration, carpet repairing and wooden floor repairing.
Love your pet but can’t live without the luxury of soft floor coverings underfoot? Read on to learn how to remove pet stains from the carpet and the couch.
How to Clean Carpets
Keeping your carpets hygienically clean is a challenge with four-legged friends on the loose. When an accident occurs, it can be tempting to blitz it with the strongest chemical you can find. But it’s important to choose products that thoroughly remove stains and that are safe for your pet, too. Removing pet stains completely means treating the area immediately. Save valuable time (and money) by utilising two humble pantry staples.
Vinegar, The Wonder Cleaner
Vinegar works on pet urine by disinfecting the area and breaking down the uric acid – the main culprit for that unmistakable smell. The odour must be completely eliminated or your beloved pet may return to the scene of the crime and commit the crime again! Vinegar leaves no residue so will dry clear and with no vinegary smell. Of course, there are many varieties of vinegar but for the purpose of pet stain removal, distilled white vinegar is the way to go.
Baking Soda Aka Bicarb Soda
Baking soda is a non-toxic white, crystalline powder. Its alkaline properties help to neutralise any remaining odour. When sprinkled over your carpet, it works to absorb any lingering moisture and smells.
A Step-By-Step Guide
Follow this method to remove pet stains. Vinegar is safe to use on carpet but spot-testing for colour-fastness is advisable – just do it somewhere inconspicuous.
What You’ll Need
distilled white vinegar
baking soda (bicarb soda)
paper towels or old bath towels
spray bottle or white rag/cloth
rubber gloves
Step 1
First, remove any solid matter. Use paper towels or a scoop and take care not to spread the stain further or rub it deeper into the carpet. This job is not fun but it’s very important. Use gloves.
Step 2
Next, you’ll want to lift as much moisture out of the carpet fibres as possible. Paper towels work best to absorb liquid. DON’T scrub. Using a blotting action prevents driving the stain deeper into the pile and it won’t damage the delicate fibres of your carpet. For maximum absorption, lay down the paper towel and tread on it lightly. Repeat this action with a fresh paper towel until the towel comes up dry after blotting. This may take a while but it’s important so keep at it. If you don’t have paper towels on hand, old bath towels can also be used.
Step 3
Make up a mixture of vinegar and water – a half and the half solution is recommended – and begin applying it to the stained area. Using either a spray bottle or a white towel soaked in the solution (you don’t want to inadvertently transfer colour dye to your carpet), wet the area. It’s not necessary to flood the carpet but make sure you cover it well. Blot dry again with more paper towels or fresh bath towels.
Step 4
Now sprinkle baking soda liberally over the affected area. At this point, you can gently massage the powder into the carpet for a few minutes and then leave it to dry completely. This may take a day or more.
Step 5
Once completely dry, vacuum up the baking soda. At this point, the stain should be completely gone but sometimes vomit and poo can prove especially difficult to remove. In this case, you can repeat the previous steps again or you can follow an additional step.
Extra Step For Stubborn Pet Stains
What You’ll Need
baking soda
1 teaspoon mild dishwashing detergent
¼ cup 3% hydrogen peroxide (IMPORTANT – anything stronger than 3% could bleach your carpet)
spray bottle
rubber gloves
Sprinkle the baking soda liberally over the affected area. Mix ¼ cup of hydrogen peroxide with a tsp of dishwashing liquid in the bottle and spray over the baking soda. Use your fingers (gloved, of course!) to gently massage the carpet fibres. Now leave to completely dry once again. Vacuum up the residue once done.
How to Clean Urine off a Couch
Urine stains are without a doubt the worst and you never see them coming. Whether it’s your favourite dog leaving a “nice surprise”, your cat marking its territory or your baby having an accident, keeping the couch clean of pee can turn into a real challenge. It’s not just about aesthetics, too, but about prolonging the piece’s lifespan. So, finding just the right treatment is essential, as it can save you a lot of time, unnecessary efforts and money altogether.
Why is urine so tough to clean?
It’s hard to define which is worse – the liquid’s persistence or the smell, but we can all agree that removing urine stains can be a pain. Despite the fact that urine mostly consists of water, 91-96 % to be exact, there are also various other elements that contribute to its specific properties, as their quantity changes, depending on whether it’s human or animal pee.
Uric acid is present in any type of urine and it is the main reason why removing pee from upholstery is so challenging. While other elements can be diluted in water, uric acid is transformed into invisible crystals, which are not only tough to extract from fabric but are also reacting with it, changing its colour over time.
Once the urine is absorbed by a couch’s textile, high temperature or moisture can reactivate the crystals, making them release a strong odour. This is exactly what attracts cats and dogs over and over again to the same spot when they need to “do their business” not just on the couch, but on the carpets, too. This is also why getting the urine stains out as early as possible is a good prevention measure. Especially, if you have nice and clean jute rug, for instance, that could be seriously damaged by any form of liquid.
Before you put on your gloves and get ready to clean, take a moment to examine the label on your sofa. Some materials are more sensitive, so in case you have suede or velour sofa, make sure to take the listed instructions in mind to avoid damages.
How to clean urine off fabric couch
Successfully cleaning the urine off the couch depends on choosing the right treatment. While there are plenty of commercial cleaning products claiming to be the best urine removers, homemade solutions are a good eco-friendly alternative that will cost less and be beneficial for your family’s and pets’ health.
Cleaning fresh urine stains
The moment you catch your furry companions “doing their business” on the couch, it is best to start treating the spot immediately with one of the following home remedies.
Enzyme cleaner
This product can create a quick chemical reaction, in order to neutralise the urine. While it is favoured for solving tough urine problems, it can be also effective for destroying greasy stains. Its composition makes it safe to use not just for cleaning the couch, but for removing dog and cat urine from fabric in general. While you can directly purchase a product from an eco-friendly store, there is the option of preparing a homemade enzyme cleaner, suitable for cat and dog urine. Keep in mind, though, that the solution needs to ferment, which usually takes about a month. The good news is that only kitchen ingredients are required, including fruit scraps, which makes this product a natural urine remover you can use all around the house.
Salt
This is another easy and effective method to get the fresh pee out of your favourite couch. Since no water is used in the process, this method can come in handy when you struggle with cleaning stains on delicate velour, velvet, microfiber or suede couches. Due to the specifics of the material, you may find that the label allows only a solvent treatment. If that’s the case, then salt can be of use. Here is the process:
Carefully absorb some of the liquid with kitchen paper without using force (if you press too hard you may cause for the urine to soak further into the couch’s textile).
Sprinkle a generous amount of salt on the affected area (you can directly do this and skip the first step if you are worried about spreading the stain).
Leave the salt to soak up the urine for a few hours until the stain starts looking dry.
Thoroughly vacuum.
Inspect the results of your work and repeat if necessary.
(Optional) You can repeat the process until you get satisfying results or you can apply the enzymatic cleaner if the fabric of the couch allows it.
Treating dried pee stain on couch
While fresh stains may not put up much of a fight, older ones can be a real nightmare. There is still something you can do, but arm yourself with patience, as this may take a lot more efforts.
Vinegar and dishwashing liquid
When it comes to eco-friendly cleaning, it is impossible not to mention white vinegar. It is a popular all-purpose cleaner that can come in handy in tough situations – for removing stains from carpets, spot cleaning curtains, washing windows and even jewellery. Given that it is acid-based, it can break down urine, making your couch look and smell much better. However, it is preferred to treat just the dry old stains, otherwise, the urine smell could intensify when a stain is fresh and make the cleaning process more difficult.
Here is all you have to do:
Check the furniture label for “W” or “S-W”, which means that you can treat the fabric with water-based products,
Mix well a 50/50 solution of white vinegar and lukewarm water in a spray bottle or in another container, adding only 1-2 drops of dishwashing liquid, so the solution doesn’t create too much foam;
Treat the smelly couch area with the blend and let it dry on its own;
Repeat if needed.
If you need to clean pee off a couch cushion only, then you can try removing the cover and washing it with 1 cup of vinegar and a few drops of lemon essential oil. Not all covers allow this, though, in which case you can follow the steps above, adding another ingredient – borax. Once the urine stain is covered with vinegar, sprinkle a solid amount of borax and leave it for several hours. The powder will absorb the moisture from the couch’s fabric, along with any unpleasant smells.
Hydrogen peroxide and baking soda
If you have light-coloured furniture, then you can test this homemade cleaner for getting rid of both human and pet urine stains.
Mix 3 % hydrogen peroxide (you can dilute it with water if you are worried about the couch’s material), baking soda and a small portion of laundry detergent.
Pour the solution into a spray bottle and spray the whole stain.
Wait for 45-30 min for the concoction to work.
Once the urine stain and odour are eliminated, you can move on to washing with water.
One thing to keep in mind is that the hydrogen peroxide could cause some bleaching, so always test first on an area which is hardly visible.
Alternative cleaning methods to consider:
Sometimes, cleaning urine off the couch by hand may prove insufficient, in which case professional assistance is required. Doing the job yourself is not always worth it, as a wrong approach may result in permanent damage to the fabric. If you think you may damage your expensive new couch or you doubt that you can make the delicate sofa material spotless again, it is best not to take any chances. Just opt for a specialised upholstery treatment, book an upholstery cleaning and let us the professionals deal with it!
How to get urine out of your leather couch
Leather is more durable and water-resistant, so the urine problem may not seem as frightening. However, no matter how reliable this material looks, it is still not fully protected when it comes to staining. Besides, getting urine smell out of a leather couch is not any easier. This is especially valid when white leather is involved, as yellowing could be an unpleasant consequence.
That is why you shouldn’t underestimate the problem and postpone dealing with it. In addition to the professional cleaning option, there are also homemade remedies to try. You can test the vinegar and dishwashing liquid recipe mentioned above minus the borax.
Make sure to have control over the amount of water used in the cleaning process. Once you blot the urine and treat the urine stain with the solution, absorb the liquid, leaving little moisture on the leather that can air dry easily. You may have to repeat the process. When there is a dried pee stain on a cushion, make sure to wash the filling, as well, in addition to treating the cover.
Frequently Asked Question
What kind of odours can you remediate?
We can remediate a very extensive range of odours including cigarette smoke, spoiled dairy, bodily fluids and more. Call us on 079 0811 495 for more info or to discuss your unique circumstances.
Can you remove wine, coffe, tea, pet stains etc?
Some stains can be permanent by nature, but the quicker we get to them the better. Also, we tend to get better results if they haven’t been worsened by other people. There are certainly some things you can do to help (here and here) but if you are unsure then just call us first and we’ll deal with it as quickly as possible.
Can you remove pet odours and urine?
The deodoriser in our cleaning solution will deal with most pet odours. We use professional spotters specificity designed for the removal of urine.
Why should I choose Kairos Upholstery?
Simple. We are fast, friendly, effective and above all competitively priced. On top of that we have a great reputation with over 10 years experience.
Are the cleaning products eco-friendly?
At Kairos Upholstery, we take care of your pets and kids while providing cleaning solutions. We make sure to use eco-friendly chemicals to ensure it doesn’t harm your family members.
Do you guarantee to remove all stains?
Unfortunately, not every stain. We will treat stained areas using the best products available. But we can’t guarantee the removal of certain stains. Some agents may affect carpet dyes, which may damage the carpet permanently. It is best to treat your stain as soon as it appears.
There is blood on my carpet, will you be able to remove it?
This depends on how quickly the blood was mopped up (some medications that are present in the blood stream can also affect this).
When blood is on the carpet we recommend the following:
Absorb as much as possible (do NOT rub, you MUST blot only). Use COLD water only to blot out stains (do NOT use HOT water or products from the supermarket, these can set the stains). Call Kairos Upholstery as soon as possible, time is of the essence, the sooner the blood is treated the better the results will be. We have the correct equipment and stain removal agents to treat the blood effectively, however we cannot guarantee to achieve complete stain removal. In most instances you will see a minimum of some improvement eg. The stain will at least fade or reduce in size some what. Please note, blood has a strong tendency to reappear and we strongly advise that you consider having more than one treatment to achieve the best results. In some instances you may need to consider new carpet. In some instances you should consider contacting your insurance company as the effective removal of blood can be costly.
Do you use chemicals that are safe, and will not harm my family or pets?
Our cleaning agents are quite safe, and environmentally friendly. Some of our spotting agents need careful handling, but they are always neutralized and thoroughly rinsed out, to ensure there will be no harm to your family or pets. All of the chemicals we used are professionally made and tested. We do not make or ‘create’ our own detergents or mix them up in the back yard. We take great care to make sure you have the cleanest, healthiest carpets.
Have you had your carpet cleaned and had the spots just “come right back”? Why does that happen?
There are two reasons that spots return:
The first reason is wicking. Many times, the spot that is being removed has seeped into the backing of the carpet. This is common with pet urine, beverages, and anything that is spilled in “volume”. The material dries in the backing and the cushion (pad) of the carpet. When the spot is cleaned, only the material in the “pile” of the carpet is removed. However, moisture is introduced into the backing of the carpet. As the spot dries, the material that is in the backing of the carpet wicks back into the pile. Consider this definition of wick: Wick – Any piece of porous material that conveys liquid by capillary action; e.g. the wick on a candle, the wick in an oil lamp, the fibres in your carpet, Even traffic area soil that is embedded can wick back. This is especially common in glue down carpet that is heavily impacted with soil. When the carpet is cleaned, it looks good. When it dries, the spots and traffic areas come back. The good news is that if a spot actually wicks back, it can be removed. When spot cleaning, place a folded white terry cloth towel over the spot just after you clean it while the spot is still moist. Place a heavy object on top of the cloth. When you have your carpet cleaned professionally, be sure to point out spots that have wicked back in the past, so they can be treated properly.
The second reason spots return is re-soiling. Re-soiling is caused by a sticky residue that has been left behind. The residue may be from the spot itself, the cleaner that was used, or both. Some common residue causes are over-the-counter carpet cleaners purchased at the grocery store avoid using these cleaners altogether.
What are other services do you offer?
In addition to pet and stain removal services we also offer the following services – carpet cleaning, upholstery cleaning, rugs cleaning, rugs repairing, carpet installation, carpet repairing, mattress cleaning, leather cleaning, water damage restoration, carpet repairing and wooden floor repairing.
Some of the areas we offer our services
Abbotsford | Alberante | Alberton | Albertsdal | Aldara Park | Allens Nek | Aloe Ridge Estate | Alrode | Amalgam | Arcadia | Ardenwold | Aston Manor | Atholhurst | Auckland Park | Barbeque Downs | Beaulieu | Bedfordview | Bellevue | Benoni | Bergbron | Beyers Park | Bezuidenhout Valley | Birch Acres | Birchleigh | Blackheath | Blair Atholl | Blairgowrie | Bloubosrand | Blue Hills | Boekenhoutkloof | Boksburg | Bonaero Park | Bordeaux | Boskruin | Braamfontein | Brackendowns | Brackenhurst | Bredell | Broadacres | Bromhof | Brooklands Lifestyle Estate | Brooklyn | Bruma | Bryanston | Buffelsdrift | Bushwillow Park Estate | Candlewoods Country Estate | Carlswald | Cedar Creek | Cedar Lakes | Centurion | Centurion Golf Estate | Chancliff | Chancliff Ridge | Chartwell | Chislehurston | Christoburg | Constantia Kloof | Constantia Park | Copperleaf Estate | Cornwall Hill | Country View | Cresslawn | Cresta | Crowthorne | Croydon | Dainfern | Darrenwood | Dawnview | Delarey | Die Hoewes | Die Wilgers | Dinokeng | Discovery | Doornkloof | Doornrandje | Doringkloof | Douglasdale Area | Dowerglen | Downbern | Driehoek | Dunblane Lifestyle | Dunkeld | Dunvegan | Eagle Canyon | Eastgate | Eastleigh | Eastwood | Ebotse Golf Estate | Eden Glen | Edenvale | Edleen | Elardus Park | Eldoraigne | Elma Park | Emfuleni Golf Estate | Epsom Downs | Equestria | Erasmia | Esther Park | Fairlands | Fairmount | Farie Glen | Farrarmere | Featherbrooke Estate | Ferndale | Ferreirasdorp | Floracliffe | Florida | Florida Hills | Fontainebleau | Fordsburg | Forest Town | Founders View | Fourways | Freeway Park | Gallo Manor | Garsfontein | Gateway Industrial Park | Gerardsville | Glen Erasmia | Glen Marais | Glendower Golf Estate | Glenferness | Glenhazel | Glenvista | Gosforth Park | Greenston | Groenfontein | Groenkloof | Grootvlei | Haakdoornboom | Haakdoornlaagte | Haakdoring Laagte | Halfway Gardens | Halfway House | Harmelia | Hartbeespoort | Hartebeestfontein | Hatfield | Hazelwood | Hekpoort | Helderfontein Estate | Helderkruin View | Hennops River | Heuwelsig Estate | Highveld | Highway Gardens | Homes Haven | Honeydew | Honingneskrans | Horison View | Houghton | Hurlyvale | Hyde Park | Irene | Isando | Isandovale | Jackal Creek Golf Estate | Johannesburg | Johannesburg South | Jukskei Park | Kaalplaats | Kempton Park | Kensington | Kensington B | Killarney | Klipportje | Kloofendal | Klopperpark | Knights | Knoppieslaagte | Kosmosdal | Kromdraai | Krugersdorp | Kya Sands | Kyalami | La Como Estate | Lakefield | Lakeside | Lambton | Lambton Gardens | Lanseria<A | Laser Park | Laudium | Linbro Park | Linden | Lindhaven | Linksfield | Little Falls | Lochvaal | Lone Hill | Luipaardsvlei | Lukasrand | Lyndhurst | Lynnwood | Lyttelton Manor | Maboneng | Magaliesburg | Malanshof | Mantevrede | Marais Steyn Park | Marlbank | Marshalltown | Mayberry Park | Meadowdale | Melrose | Menlo Park | Meyersdal | Midrand | Midstream Estate | Miravaal | Modderfontein | Monaghan Farm | Monavoni | Mont Lorraine | Moreleta Park | Morningside | Mounta | Mulbarton | Muldersdrift | Mullerstuine | Nasrec | New Redruth | Nimrod Park | Nooitgedacht | Noordhang | Noordheuwel | Noordwyk | Norkem Park | Northcliff | Northdene | Northriding | Northwold | Oakdene | Observatory | Olivedale | Parkdene | Parkhill | Parktown | Pebble Creek | Pinehaven | Pomona | Poortview | President Park | Pretoria | Primrose | Pyramid | Quellerina | Radiokop | Randburg | Randhart | Randjesfontein | Randpark Ridge | Rangeview | Rant En Dal | Raslouw | Rhodesfield | Rietfontein | Riverclub | Riversands | Rivonia | Robindale | Roodekrans | Roodepoort | Roodia | Rooihuiskraal | Rosebank | Ruimsig | Rynfield | Saddlebrook Estate | Sandhurst | Sandown | Sandton | Saxonwold<A | Sebenza | Serengeti Estate | Sharonlea | Silver Lakes | South Crest | Southdowns Estate | Spartan | Springs | Stefano Park | Sterkfontein Country Estates | Steyn City | Strijdompark | Strubensvallei | Summerset | Sunderland Ridge | Sundowner | Sunnyridge | Sunnyside | Sunward Park | Terenure | Thatchfield Estate | The Reeds | Thornhill Estate | Tres Jolie | Vaaloewer | Van Riebeeck Park | Vanderbijlpark | Vasfontein | Verwoerdpark | Victory Park | Vongeusopark | Vorna Valley | Wadeville | Walmansthal | Waterkloof | Waterstone Park | Waterval | Weltevreden Park | Wendywood | Westcliff | Westlake View | Whitney Gardens | Wierda Park | Wierda Valley | Wilgeheuwel | Wilro Park | Windsor | Wonderboom | Woodmead | Zuurfontein | Zwartkop
Some of the areas we offer our services
Alberton | Arcadia | Aston Manor | Atholhurst | Auckland Park | Beaulieu | Bedfordview | Benoni | Beyers Park | Blackheath | Blair Atholl | Blue Hills | Boksburg | Bonaero Park | Bordeaux | Boskruin | Broadacres | Brooklyn | Bruma | Bryanston | Carlswald | Cedar Creek | Cedar Lakes | Centurion | Chartwell | Constantia Kloof | Cresta | Dainfern | Doringkloof | Douglasdale | Dunkeld | Eagle Canyon | Eastgate | Edenvale | Erasmia | Ferndale | Fourways | Gallo Manor | Garsfontein | Glen Marais | Greenston | Hartbeespoort | Hatfield | Honeydew | Houghton | Hyde Park | Irene | Isando | Johannesburg | Kempton Park | Kensington | Killarney | Kyalami | Lanseria | Linden | Linksfield | Lone Hill | Lynnwood | Melrose | Midrand | Midstream Estate | Modderfontein | Morningside | Noordheuwel | Noordwyk | Northcliff | Northriding | Northwold | Olivedale | Parktown | Pomona | Pretoria | Primrose | Randburg | Randjesfontein | Randpark Ridge | Riverclub | Rivonia | Roodepoort | Rooihuiskraal | Rosebank | Sandhurst | Sandown | Sandton | Saxonwold<A | Sharonlea | Strijdompark | Sundowner | Sunnyside | Vorna Valley | Wadeville | Waterkloof | Waterval | Weltevreden Park | Westcliff | Wierda Park | Wonderboom | Woodmead | Zwartkop